📘 Grammar Lesson #28

Active and Passive Voice in English Grammar

Active Voice এবং Passive Voice English grammar-এর খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ topic। Active Voice-এ subject নিজে কাজটি করে, আর Passive Voice-এ subject কাজটি গ্রহণ করে বা কাজটি subject-এর উপর করা হয়। Bengali learnersদের জন্য voice শেখা জরুরি, কারণ exam, writing, formal English, report writing এবং sentence transformation-এ active-passive voice খুব বেশি ব্যবহার হয়। এই lesson-এ আপনি active voice, passive voice, structure, tense-wise passive rules, object-subject change, by phrase, pronoun change, common mistakes, practice এবং quiz সহজভাবে শিখবেন।

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এই Lesson-এ যা শিখবেন

✅ Active Voice কী?

🔁 Passive Voice কী?

🔧 Be verb + V3 rule

🎯 Practice and quiz

#28 Grammar Lesson

Active Subject Does Action

Passive Subject Receives Action

V3 Main Passive Verb

Connected Lessons

Grammar Series Navigation

এই lessonটি tense support series, Grammar homepage এবং next grammar lesson-এর সাথে connected করা হলো।

Grammar Home Previous: Tense Mistakes Practice Next: Lesson #29

Active Voice এবং Passive Voice কী?

Voice shows whether the subject does the action or receives the action.

Tense Series-এর সাথে Connection

Passive Voice শেখার আগে tense জানা খুব জরুরি, কারণ passive sentence-এ be verb tense অনুযায়ী change হয়। তাই tense series complete করার পরে Active and Passive Voice শেখা সবচেয়ে logical next step.

Active Voice

Active Voice-এ subject কাজটি করে।

Active: Rahim writes a letter.
Meaning: রহিম একটি চিঠি লেখে।

Passive Voice

Passive Voice-এ subject কাজটি গ্রহণ করে।

Passive: A letter is written by Rahim.
Meaning: একটি চিঠি রহিমের দ্বারা লেখা হয়।

সহজভাবে মনে রাখুন: Active sentence-এ “কে কাজ করছে” বেশি important. Passive sentence-এ “কাজটি কী হয়েছে” বেশি important.

Active: The teacher teaches English.
Passive: English is taught by the teacher.

Active: My mother cooked rice.
Passive: Rice was cooked by my mother.

Interactive Learning

When Do We Use Passive Voice?

নিচের card-গুলোতে click করলে passive voice-এর use সহজভাবে দেখাবে।

🎯

Action is Important

The road was repaired.

❓

Doer is Unknown

My phone was stolen.

📝

Formal Writing

The report was submitted.

🧹

Doer Not Important

The room was cleaned.

🔬

Process Description

Water is heated.

📚

Exam Grammar

Active to Passive.

কোনো use card-এ click করুন। Explanation এখানে দেখাবে।

Basic Formula

Active to Passive Voice Structure

Passive voice বানানোর মূল formula খুব সহজ: Object আগে আসে, তারপর be verb + V3 হয়।

Active: Subject + Verb + Object
Passive: Object + be verb + V3 + by + Subject

Part	Active Sentence	Passive Sentence	Explanation
Subject	Rahim	by Rahim	Active subject passive-এ by phrase হয়।
Verb	writes	is written	Passive-এ be verb + V3 ব্যবহার হয়।
Object	a letter	A letter	Active object passive subject হয়।
Final Sentence	Rahim writes a letter.	A letter is written by Rahim.	Object সামনে, be verb + V3, by + doer.

Very Important Rule

Passive voice-এ main verb সবসময় V3 / past participle হয়। Verb-এর tense passive-এ be verb-এর মাধ্যমে বোঝানো হয়।

Step by Step

Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice বানানোর 5টি Step

এই steps follow করলে active-passive transformation অনেক সহজ হবে।

Step 1

Object খুঁজুন

Step 2

Object সামনে আনুন

Step 3

Correct be verb বসান

Step 4

Main verb V3 করুন

Step 5

by + doer যোগ করুন

Final

Passive sentence complete করুন

Example: The boy broke the glass. → The glass was broken by the boy.

Tense Connection

Active and Passive Voice Rules by Tense

Passive voice শেখার জন্য tense-wise be verb change জানা সবচেয়ে important.

Tense	Active Structure	Passive Structure	Active Example	Passive Example
Simple Present	Subject + V1/V5 + Object	Object + am/is/are + V3	He writes a letter.	A letter is written by him.
Present Continuous	Subject + am/is/are + V-ing + Object	Object + am/is/are being + V3	He is writing a letter.	A letter is being written by him.
Present Perfect	Subject + has/have + V3 + Object	Object + has/have been + V3	He has written a letter.	A letter has been written by him.
Simple Past	Subject + V2 + Object	Object + was/were + V3	He wrote a letter.	A letter was written by him.
Past Continuous	Subject + was/were + V-ing + Object	Object + was/were being + V3	He was writing a letter.	A letter was being written by him.
Past Perfect	Subject + had + V3 + Object	Object + had been + V3	He had written a letter.	A letter had been written by him.
Simple Future	Subject + will + V1 + Object	Object + will be + V3	He will write a letter.	A letter will be written by him.
Future Perfect	Subject + will have + V3 + Object	Object + will have been + V3	He will have written a letter.	A letter will have been written by him.
Modal Verb	Subject + modal + V1 + Object	Object + modal + be + V3	You should complete the work.	The work should be completed by you.

Note for Beginners

Future Continuous, Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous এবং Future Perfect Continuous-এর passive form খুব uncommon বা awkward হয়। Beginner learnersদের জন্য common passive structures আগে শেখা বেশি useful.

Rule Tabs

Important Active Passive Voice Rules

নিচের tabs থেকে active-passive-এর important rules সহজভাবে শিখুন।

Object Rule

যে active sentence-এ object আছে, সেই sentence passive করা যায়। Object passive sentence-এর subject হয়।

Active: She reads a book.
Passive: A book is read by her.

Be Verb Rule

Passive sentence-এ tense অনুযায়ী be verb change হয়। যেমন is, are, was, were, been, being, be.

is written, was written, has been written, will be written

V3 Rule

Passive voice-এ main verb সবসময় V3 হয়। এটি সবচেয়ে important rule.

write → written
make → made
break → broken
teach → taught

Pronoun Change Rule

Active subject passive-এ by phrase হলে pronoun object form হয়।

I → me
We → us
He → him
She → her
They → them

By Rule

By + doer ব্যবহার করা হয় যখন doer important হয়। Doer unknown বা unimportant হলে by phrase বাদ দেওয়া যায়।

The window was broken by Tom. = doer important
The window was broken. = doer not important

No Passive Rule

যে verb-এর object নেই, সেই sentence সাধারণত passive করা যায় না।

He sleeps. ❌ Passive possible নয়
She laughs. ❌ Passive possible নয়
They arrived. ❌ Passive possible নয়

Pronoun Change

Active Passive Voice Pronoun Change Chart

Active subject passive sentence-এ by phrase হলে pronoun change করতে হয়।

Active Subject	Passive by Phrase	Active Example	Passive Example
I	by me	I wrote the letter.	The letter was written by me.
We	by us	We cleaned the room.	The room was cleaned by us.
You	by you	You completed the work.	The work was completed by you.
He	by him	He broke the glass.	The glass was broken by him.
She	by her	She cooked rice.	Rice was cooked by her.
They	by them	They made a mistake.	A mistake was made by them.

Common Mistakes

Bengali Learnersদের Common Active Passive Mistakes

Passive voice-এ learnersরা be verb, V3, by phrase এবং object নিয়ে বেশি ভুল করে।

A letter written by him. ❌

A letter is written by him. ✅

Passive voice-এ be verb বাদ দেওয়া যাবে না।

A letter is write by him. ❌

A letter is written by him. ✅

Passive voice-এ main verb V3 হবে।

The work completed by me. ❌

The work was completed by me. ✅

Simple Past passive: was/were + V3.

The room is cleaning by her. ❌

The room is cleaned by her. ✅

Simple Present passive: is/am/are + V3.

The book was written by he. ❌

The book was written by him. ✅

By phrase-এ pronoun object form হবে।

He sleeps. → He is slept. ❌

He sleeps. = Passive possible নয়। ✅

Object না থাকলে সাধারণত passive করা যায় না।

Practice Time

Active and Passive Voice Practice

নিচের exercises করে active-passive transformation practice করুন।

A. Change Active Voice into Passive Voice

1. Rahim writes a letter.

A letter is written by Rahim.

2. She reads a book.

A book is read by her.

3. They cleaned the room.

The room was cleaned by them.

4. The teacher is explaining the lesson.

The lesson is being explained by the teacher.

5. He has completed the work.

The work has been completed by him.

6. We will finish the project.

The project will be finished by us.

B. Change Passive Voice into Active Voice

1. Rice was cooked by my mother.

My mother cooked rice.

2. English is taught by Mr. Karim.

Mr. Karim teaches English.

3. The task has been completed by her.

She has completed the task.

4. The window was broken by the boy.

The boy broke the window.

C. Quick Quiz

Connected Grammar Topics

This Lesson Belongs to These Grammar Topics

Main Grammar homepage-এর card/topic structure-এর সাথে এই lesson connect করা হলো।

Voice

এই lesson voice category-এর main lesson.

Sentence Transformation

Active থেকে passive এবং passive থেকে active change শেখায়।

Tense Connection

Passive voice tense অনুযায়ী be verb change করে।

Exam Grammar

School, college এবং admission exam-এর জন্য useful.

Grammar Series Tracker

EngLrn Grammar Lesson Sequence

এই lessonটি Grammar Series-এর আটাশতম main lesson হিসেবে tracked করা হলো।

Common Tense Mistakes

Previous support post

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Active and Passive Voice

Current main grammar lesson

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Direct and Indirect Speech

Next recommended lesson

Go to Next Lesson →

Lesson Complete?

এই lesson complete হলে Grammar Lesson #29: Direct and Indirect Speech in English Grammar পড়ুন।

Great! Lesson #28 marked as completed on this browser.

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FAQ

Active and Passive Voice নিয়ে সাধারণ প্রশ্ন

Beginner learnersদের common questions-এর সহজ উত্তর।

Active Voice কী?

Active Voice-এ subject নিজে কাজটি করে। Example: Rahim writes a letter.

Passive Voice কী?

Passive Voice-এ subject কাজটি গ্রহণ করে বা কাজটি subject-এর উপর করা হয়। Example: A letter is written by Rahim.

Passive Voice-এর basic structure কী?

Basic structure হলো Object + be verb + V3 + by + Subject. Be verb tense অনুযায়ী change হয়।

সব sentence কি passive করা যায়?

না। সাধারণত শুধু transitive verb বা object আছে এমন sentence passive করা যায়। Object না থাকলে passive করা যায় না।

এই lesson-এর পর কোন lesson পড়ব?

এই lesson-এর পর Direct and Indirect Speech in English Grammar পড়া উচিত, কারণ sentence transformation শেখার জন্য এটি logical next topic.

Active and Passive Voice in English Grammar for Bengali Learners

এই lesson-এ Bengali learnersদের জন্য Active and Passive Voice in English Grammar সহজভাবে ব্যাখ্যা করা হয়েছে। Active Voice-এ subject কাজটি করে, আর Passive Voice-এ subject কাজটি গ্রহণ করে। Passive voice শেখার জন্য tense, object, be verb, V3 এবং by phrase ভালোভাবে বুঝতে হয়।

এই post-এ active passive voice meaning, structure, rules, tense-wise passive chart, pronoun change, by phrase, transitive verb rule, common mistakes, practice exercises এবং quiz দেওয়া হয়েছে। Learners এই lesson ব্যবহার করে exam grammar, sentence transformation, spoken English এবং writing accuracy improve করতে পারবে।

Active and Passive Voice in English Grammar

এই Lesson-এ যা শিখবেন

Grammar Series Navigation

Active Voice এবং Passive Voice কী?

Tense Series-এর সাথে Connection

Active Voice

Passive Voice

When Do We Use Passive Voice?

Action is Important

Doer is Unknown

Formal Writing

Doer Not Important

Process Description

Exam Grammar

Active to Passive Voice Structure

Very Important Rule

Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice বানানোর 5টি Step

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Final

Active and Passive Voice Rules by Tense

Note for Beginners

Important Active Passive Voice Rules

Object Rule

Be Verb Rule

V3 Rule

Pronoun Change Rule

By Rule

No Passive Rule

Active Passive Voice Pronoun Change Chart

Bengali Learnersদের Common Active Passive Mistakes

Active and Passive Voice Practice

A. Change Active Voice into Passive Voice

B. Change Passive Voice into Active Voice

C. Quick Quiz

This Lesson Belongs to These Grammar Topics

Voice

Sentence Transformation

Tense Connection

Exam Grammar

EngLrn Grammar Lesson Sequence

Common Tense Mistakes

Active and Passive Voice

Direct and Indirect Speech

Lesson Complete?

Active and Passive Voice নিয়ে সাধারণ প্রশ্ন

Active and Passive Voice in English Grammar for Bengali Learners

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