Daily Use English Sentences
Basic Sentence Structure: Beginner থেকে Advanced
English sentence বানানোর সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ foundation হলো sentence structure. এই lesson-এ আপনি Subject, Verb, Object, Complement, Adverbial, Tense structure, Question, Negative, Passive, Conditional এবং Advanced sentence pattern সহজভাবে শিখবেন।
1. Sentence কী?
Sentence হলো এমন একটি শব্দগুচ্ছ যা সম্পূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করে। English sentence সঠিকভাবে বানাতে হলে প্রথমে sentence-এর structure বুঝতে হবে।
I study English.
আমি ইংরেজি পড়ি। এখানে complete meaning আছে, তাই এটি একটি sentence।
Study English
এখানে কে English পড়ে তা বলা হয়নি। তাই এটি complete sentence নয়।
2. এই Lesson-এ আপনি যা শিখবেন
Beginner Level
- Sentence কী
- Subject, Verb, Object
- Basic sentence formula
- Bangla থেকে English sentence
Intermediate Level
- Negative sentence
- Question structure
- Tense-based sentence
- Simple, Compound, Complex sentence
Advanced Level
- Passive voice
- Conditional sentence
- Relative clause
- Inversion, emphasis, parallel structure
3. English Sentence-এর Main Formula
English sentence বানানোর সবচেয়ে basic formula হলো:
Core Sentence Formula
Example: I eat rice.
I = Subject, eat = Verb, rice = Object
Wrong: I rice eat.
Correct: I eat rice.
4. Sentence-এর 5টি Main Parts
| Part | Meaning | Question | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | যে কাজ করে বা যার সম্পর্কে বলা হয় | কে? | I, She, Rahim, The teacher |
| Verb | কাজ বা অবস্থা বোঝায় | কী করে? | go, eat, read, is, are |
| Object | যার উপর কাজটি হয় | কাকে / কী? | rice, book, English |
| Complement | Subject/Object সম্পর্কে extra information দেয় | কেমন / কী? | happy, a doctor, tired |
| Adverbial | সময়, স্থান, কারণ, manner বোঝায় | কখন / কোথায় / কীভাবে? | every day, at home, slowly |
I = Subject
study = Verb
English = Object
at night = Adverbial
5. Basic Sentence Formulas
Subject + Verb
I sleep.
আমি ঘুমাই।
Birds fly.
পাখি উড়ে।
Subject + Verb + Object
I like tea.
আমি চা পছন্দ করি।
She speaks English.
সে English বলে।
Subject + Verb + Complement
He is a doctor.
সে একজন ডাক্তার।
She looks tired.
সে ক্লান্ত দেখাচ্ছে।
Subject + Verb + Object + Complement
They made him captain.
তারা তাকে captain বানিয়েছে।
We found the movie interesting.
আমরা movie-টি interesting পেয়েছি।
Subject + Verb + Object + Adverbial
I study English every day.
আমি প্রতিদিন English পড়ি।
He speaks English fluently.
সে সাবলীলভাবে English বলে।
6. Bengali থেকে English Sentence বানানোর নিয়ম
Bengali sentence structure এবং English sentence structure এক নয়। তাই word-by-word translation করলে sentence ভুল হয়।
Bengali Order
আমি + English + শিখি
English Order
I + learn + English
Correct: I learn English.
7. Tense-Based Sentence Structure
Spoken English-এ tense structure জানা খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ, কারণ একই sentence time অনুযায়ী পরিবর্তন হয়।
| Tense | Positive Structure | Negative Structure | Question Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | I read books. | I do not read books. | Do you read books? |
| Present Continuous | I am reading a book. | I am not reading a book. | Are you reading a book? |
| Past Simple | I watched a movie. | I did not watch a movie. | Did you watch a movie? |
| Future | I will call you. | I will not call you. | Will you call me? |
| Going to Future | I am going to learn English. | I am not going to learn English. | Are you going to learn English? |
8. Be Verb, Have/Has এবং Modal Verb Structure
Be Verb
am, is, are, was, were
Structure: Subject + be verb + complement
They are happy.
He was tired.
Have / Has
Structure: Subject + have/has + object
She has a car.
They have many friends.
Modal Verb
Structure: Subject + modal + base verb
You should study.
She might come.
9. Negative এবং Question Sentence Structure
Negative Sentence
- Be verb: She is not happy.
- Main verb: He does not play cricket.
- Past: I did not go there.
- Modal: He cannot speak English.
Question Sentence
- Yes/No: Do you like tea?
- Be verb: Are you busy?
- Modal: Can you help me?
- WH: Where do you live?
WH Word + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb?
Example: Where do you live?
10. Common Spoken English Structures
There is / There are
There is a book on the table.
There are many students in the class.
It is Structure
It is raining.
It is important to learn English.
Imperative Sentence
Open the door.
Please sit down.
Don’t waste your time.
11. Simple, Compound, Complex Sentence
Simple Sentence
একটি main idea থাকে।
She studies every day.
Compound Sentence
দুটি independent sentence connector দিয়ে যুক্ত হয়।
She studied hard, so she passed.
Complex Sentence
একটি independent clause এবং একটি dependent clause থাকে।
If you study, you will improve.
12. Advanced Sentence Structures
Advanced structure শেখার মাধ্যমে আপনার writing এবং speaking আরও professional হবে।
Relative Clause
Relative clause noun সম্পর্কে extra information দেয়।
The book that I bought is interesting.
Conditional Sentence
Condition এবং result বোঝাতে conditional sentence ব্যবহার হয়।
If I had money, I would buy a car.
Passive Voice
কাজটি কে করেছে তার চেয়ে কাজটি বেশি important হলে passive voice ব্যবহার হয়।
Passive: A letter was written by him.
Causative Structure
অন্য কাউকে দিয়ে কোনো কাজ করানো বোঝাতে causative structure ব্যবহার হয়।
I got him to help me.
Gerund and Infinitive
Infinitive: I want to learn English.
Inversion
Rarely does he speak in class.
Parallel Structure
Correct: I like reading, writing, and speaking English.
13. Sentence Expansion: ছোট Sentence থেকে বড় Sentence
| Step | Sentence | Added Part |
|---|---|---|
| Basic | I study. | Subject + Verb |
| Add Object | I study English. | Object |
| Add Time | I study English every day. | Time |
| Add Place | I study English at home every day. | Place |
| Add Purpose | I study English at home every day to improve my speaking. | Purpose |
| Advanced | I study English at home every day because I want to speak confidently. | Reason |
14. Bengali Learners-এর Common Mistakes
15. Practice Section
নিচের practice গুলো করলে sentence structure আরও clear হবে।
Practice A: Identify Subject, Verb, Object
- I read books.
- She drinks tea.
- They play cricket.
- We study English.
- He bought a phone.
Show Answers
- I = Subject, read = Verb, books = Object
- She = Subject, drinks = Verb, tea = Object
- They = Subject, play = Verb, cricket = Object
- We = Subject, study = Verb, English = Object
- He = Subject, bought = Verb, a phone = Object
Practice B: Translate into English
- আমি English শিখি।
- সে স্কুলে যায়।
- তারা ফুটবল খেলে।
- তুমি কি চা পছন্দ করো?
- আমি তাকে চিনি না।
- সে এখন পড়ছে।
- তুমি কোথায় থাকো?
- আমি আগামীকাল আসব।
Show Answers
- I learn English.
- He/She goes to school.
- They play football.
- Do you like tea?
- I do not know him/her.
- He/She is studying now.
- Where do you live?
- I will come tomorrow.
Practice C: Correct the Sentences
- I English speak.
- He go to school.
- She not like tea.
- Did you went there?
- He can speaks English.
Show Answers
- I speak English.
- He goes to school.
- She does not like tea.
- Did you go there?
- He can speak English.
16. Mini Quiz
Quiz complete করে আপনার understanding check করুন।
1. Which sentence is correct?
2. What is the correct structure of “She reads a book”?
3. Which one is correct?
4. Which question is correct?
5. Which sentence is correct?
17. Homework
Writing Practice
- Subject + Verb + Object formula দিয়ে 10টি sentence লিখুন।
- 5টি negative sentence লিখুন।
- 5টি question sentence লিখুন।
- 5টি Bengali sentence English-এ translate করুন।
Speaking Practice
Topic: Why I want to learn English
১ মিনিট কথা বলুন এবং এই patterns ব্যবহার করুন:
- I want to…
- I need to…
- I am trying to…
- Because…
- If I practice…
